COP28 : prise de parole du Président Emmanuel Macron sur les forêts et l'océan.

le Président Emmanuel Macron de France. Merci beaucoup, Chazan. Merci beaucoup pour cette session. Et merci beaucoup pour votre parole, both based on science et tradition et culture of l'indigenous people. Let me first thank and congratulate our host and wish her happy national day of our good friends of the Emirates today. Colleagues, let me go directly straight to the point. Our position is that our two corps on climate and biodiversity cannot be separated. And I think you made a perfect scientific demonstration on the complementarity of the two agendas, climate change and biodiversity together. And first, because nature is the best technology available to capture and store CO2.

And we are investing a lot on money. There are a lot of innovation for carbon capture and storage mechanism, which is good. But the very best one and the one which should not be suppressed is forests and oceans, meaning nature. And if we have to put money on the table, this is for this solution because they do exist and they can preserve solutions for carbon, biodiversity and precisely ecosystem for people and indigenous people. There is as well another reason.

If we increase the economic value of natural capital in our economy, we will enable our countries with low emissions and large carbon sinks to benefit greatly from the ecological transition and making our transition much more fair, which is essential. So I just wanted to take here some commitments and make some very concrete announcement based on this philosophy. First, on forests. We organized a few months ago with some of you the first One Forest Summit in Libreville last March. But a lot of you here in this room did a lot during the past years and decades on forests.

And I see my good friend, Prime Minister of Norway, and I want to congratulate your country because probably you are one of the pioneers and leaders in terms of investment in forests. And I want to commend you and the commitment of your country and your funds because you did a lot of work. But I think we collectively and with your strong partnership and cooperation and the partnership of a lot of countries and scientists being present here, the fact that forests which possess the most vital reserves of carbon and biodiversity must be remunerated for what they are. And we have to remunerate countries when they protect actively these forests.

And the big paradox of our world is that till now we did put a lot of money for reforestation but without acting in order to preserve existing forests.

And in a very few forests from Amazonia to Congo River and precisely the Sree rivers and the Basin Congo and to Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea and Prime Minister Marape is joining us, you have something like 15% of our Earth but more than 90% of ecosystem of those well-known species and more than 75% of irrecuperable carbon which means each time we destroy these forests this is a delay to the road of carbon neutrality and this is part of the carbon we liberate and we kill part of our efforts and we kill as well a very important carbon sink.

So we base and approach country by country a new partnership scientific partnership to measure and monitor those vital reserves win-win economic partnership designed to create more added value locally by developing a high quality forestry economy involving indigenous people and local ecosystem precisely to work with those knowing the forests living in the forests and based on their precisely knowledge and transmission and a partnership on innovative financing which should make it possible to generate high quality carbon and biodiversity credits on the basis of this strategy and this country by country package this forest package let's say is precisely the one we are finalizing and today I'm very pleased to announce that two partnerships have already been signed the first with Papua New Guinea for 100 million dollars the second with Congo Brazzaville for 50 million dollars and we are finalizing one with DRC for 16 million dollars and these three countries the third one is being finalized are the three pioneers of this methodology with this new approach new partnership new financing other partnerships will follow by COP30 I would also like to say a word based on that on the fact that we can accelerate if we develop this methodology it's very comparable with what we do with JEP in a certain way for energy it's based on the country by country approach we gather financing and we accelerate transition and we can do much more and I want to thank philanthropy I already thank country like Norway but a lot of philanthropy conservation international and a lot of you being already involved in this approach and with whom we will do much more with additional country speaking about forests and this approach I would also like to say a word on the subject of carbon pricing as you know we have long defended the idea that this is the best tool for accelerating our green transition and it is a tool that is providing its worth as we know in Europe it's a tool that is now being developed all over the world however the current system is still deficient because many of the countries that emit the least but absorb the most CO2 do not have a proper access to the carbon market a company that emits a lot of carbon will be taxed at the borders of the European Union but conversely a company that invests massively in forest protection in Brazil Gabon Papua New Guinea will have great difficulty in generating high quality carbon credits because the market infrastructure of carbon credits on an international scale is highly fragmented and very inefficient today I believe that this is one of the most important tasks to be pursued between now and COP30 in Belém we must set up an international carbon and biodiversity exchange which will enable very high quality carbon and biodiversity credits to be traded between its members on the basis of common standards and rules this is a critical issue and I want to thank Dame Amelia Fossett and Sylvie Goulart for the very good work made by our common task force because the work you are doing on biodiversity this new accountability but the merger of this approach between carbon and biodiversity credits will allow us to build this new exchange system and a sort of marketplace integrated globally and allowing these countries and the private payers to have a much better functioning I want to say to our Brazilian friend I know that President Lula and I do share his approach wants to do much more of that in a nutshell our strategy must make it possible to combine the protection of the planet and the fight against poverty and more equitable international relations and this is why we launched this Paris Pact for Planets and People in Paris a few months ago and this four piece will be the basis to work all together following this agenda for the Brazilian G20 until the next COP in order precisely to make this work we can have the opportunity to push this agenda together and there's a Brazilian leadership in G20 and before that during a state visit I intend to make the Brazil in March 2024 I also want to make it clear to my fellow citizens of French Guiana that France has an interest in this topic also because we are present in the heart of the Amazon with French Guiana and clearly I want here to say that we will develop a new strategy to support a high quality forest economy in French Guiana in the coming weeks and months based on this approach now the second pillar after forests is oceans ocean is our first carbon sink and as you know we will organise the next United Nations conference on ocean in Nice and this is very close to what we do as well together with Norway on cryosphere on glaciers and poles but oceans is very important and we have this initiative with Costa Rica and I would like to pay tribute to the commitment of President Rodrigo Chavez Robles this conference in Nice will be very important and I just want to say a few words on that first we want the scientific community to come together on the ocean in the same way as it has come together on climate within the IPCC and what we want to do is to establish a scientific consensus on ocean but a common indicator to assess in a certain way the state of the art and to clearly monitor the situation on the ocean and to have a common measure on the progress made but as well on the critical issues on ocean but assessing obviously all the different criteria to be taken into consideration second we want to make in Nice the updates of our international law numerous negotiations are already underway and we are working intensively to bring them to a successful conclusion by the time of the Nice conference I'm thinking in particular of the ratification of the BB&G agreement on the high seas the endorsement of a new legally binding treaty on plastic pollution and I know rather than how committed you are on that and the universalization of agreements on illegal fishing I'm also thinking of the major work we are doing to prevent the exploitation of the seabirds that could bring some irreversible damage to our marine biodiversity 24 countries have already allied with France to accept and make the same commitment and we will continue to increase the momentum and finally on the fringe of the conference we will be holding a major summit on the blue economy in Nice and Monaco in order precisely to follow up and accelerate innovation based on sea in September 2024 finally on the sidelines of the next UNGA in New York we will be organizing a new one planet summit on water governance the one water summit and with together with Kazakhstan we will propose a series of new rules and guarantees in order to have a better cooperation globally in order to deal with the water issue here were some critical solutions on a sort of solutions agenda I wanted to share with you but clearly biodiversity and climate change is the same fight and should be the same commitments at our level clearly we have to accelerate and we have to take this agenda in consideration in our trade discussion in our national and international solution and clearly we have to work on the basis of science and indigenous people's solution this is what I wanted to share with you to thank my good fellow and I want to thank clearly the three countries engaging on this forest agenda DRC Congo-Brazzaville and PNG because they did a wonderful job ministers and prime ministers are here and I want to commend them for what you did and what you're doing and you can count on us but forests oceans and water as a critical critical issue in order for all of us to succeed thank you very much Mr.

President and thank you for really reminding us that nature conservation of our nation

today and thank you for healing and thank you for healing and we will be aquesta tree and thank you for healing and for healing all the times you have a community of things as we akan hope as I go for healing to the ones that you can thank you for healing of it and thank you